![]() We could remove another electron by adding even more energy to the ion, to make the Na 2+ ion. ![]() It is rather reactive, however, and does not require a lot of energy to remove that electron to make the Na + ion. Consider sodium: in its elemental form, it has one valence electron and is stable. It is not impossible to violate the octet rule. When atoms form compounds, the octet rule is not always satisfied for all atoms at all times, but it is a very good rule of thumb for understanding the kinds of bonding arrangements that atoms can make. The trend that atoms like to have eight electrons in their valence shell is called the octet rule. For whatever reason, having eight electrons in a valence shell is a particularly energetically stable arrangement of electrons. The lower shell, now the valence shell, has eight electrons in it, so the atom becomes positively charged. Either atoms gain enough electrons to have eight electrons in the valence shell and become the appropriately charged anion, or they lose the electrons in their original valence shell. The astute reader may have noticed something: Many of the ions that form have eight electrons in their valence shell. In the section “Lewis Electron Dot Diagrams”, we saw how ions are formed by losing electrons to make cations or by gaining electrons to form anions. Demonstrate electron transfer between atoms to form ionic bonds.
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